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Illustration for news: «Russia and China Expand Their Gas Relationship: Causes and Implications» - V. Ermakov's article for the Valdai International Discussion Club

«Russia and China Expand Their Gas Relationship: Causes and Implications» - V. Ermakov's article for the Valdai International Discussion Club

V. Ermakov, a CCEIS expert, analyzed the prospects for the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the gas sector in an article for the Valdai International discussion club.Main points:
·In the new reality Europe is going to reduce its energy dependence on Russia as soon as possible and regardless of collateral damage;
·Russia must accelerate its Pivot to the East, which makes China a clear winner since it would be able to use the situation to get Russian oil and gas at discounted prices;
·In order to diversify their foreign trade options Moscow and Beijing have accepted a package of commercial contracts for the supply of Russian oil and gas;
·China’s gas consumption is growing, and according to estimates, its own production by 2030 will be able to cover only half of the future increase in demand. That is why the deal now is more relevant than ever.
·Gas supplies via  the Power of Siberia gas pipeline with the addition of  gas from the Russian Far East will give Gazprom a competitive edge compared with other importers in the northern and eastern provinces of China. 
·Russia and China continue to negotiate a new giant contract on gas supplies from Yamal, and both sides have demonstrated a pragmatic acceptance of a possibility to include third-party transit (via Mongolia) into their plans.

Illustration for news: «Russian Gas Exports to Europe: In the Eye of the Storm» - the new article by V. Ermakov for the Valdai Club

«Russian Gas Exports to Europe: In the Eye of the Storm» - the new article by V. Ermakov for the Valdai Club

V. Yermakov, an expert at CCEIS, wrote an article for the Valdai International Discussion Club on Russian gas supplies to Europe amid the crisis. Key ideas: 
• Despite the fighting in Ukraine and an avalanche of Western sanctions, Russia continues to supply gas to Europe without interruptions;
• After a decline in January, gas supplies to Europe from Russia returned to their previous level in February and even increased in the first ten days of March;
• Gas transit through Ukraine was not disrupted even by fightings;• Over the past two years, the European gas market has gone from a supply surplus to a crisis caused by supply constraints (exacerbated by events in Ukraine), driving up prices;
• For over 50 years, Russia-Europe gas relationship has been underpinned by the concept of cooperatively managed interdependence producing mutual benefits, but it cannot remain immune to the increasing geopolitical animosity between the great powers and the emergence of extreme bargaining positions; 
• Gazprom's existing production capacity is sufficient to meet the company's obligations under long-term export contracts and cover seasonal peak in domestic demand, but investment in new capacity is required to meet additional new demand;
• Prior to the start of the special operation, Gazprom took a wait-and-see attitude, making it clear that without guarantees of demand there would be no major investments;
• There is a reorientation of gas supplies to Asian markets, and the launch of a special operation reinforces the need for a “pivot to the East”

Illustration for news: "Russia uses the tension around Ukraine as a diplomatic tool" - Dmitry Suslov's interview with Fox News (02.15.2022)

"Russia uses the tension around Ukraine as a diplomatic tool" - Dmitry Suslov's interview with Fox News (02.15.2022)

Dmitry Suslov, Deputy Director of the CCEIS, analyzed Russia's policy in the context of the escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis in an interview for Fox News. Key ideas:
-The mood in Moscow absolutely does not correspond to the image of the capital of a country preparing for a large-scale military invasion.
-Russia uses the demonstration of military power as a tool to achieve its goals through diplomacy.
-If Ukraine decentralizes, as required by the Minsk agreements, it will be more difficult for Kyiv to join Western unions since Ukrainian nationalism will be opposed by the population of Russian-speaking regions.
-Russia is not interested in de-escalating until its security guarantee demands on NATO are accepted.

Illustration for news: Vitaly Yermakov discusses Russia’s Arctic strategy and the Northern Sea Route in a podcast with the The Straits Times (11.02.2022)

Vitaly Yermakov discusses Russia’s Arctic strategy and the Northern Sea Route in a podcast with the The Straits Times (11.02.2022)

Key points:  
1. Russia considers the NSR a strategic economic priority since it is instrumental for suppling Russian northern territories. Its importance has grown in the past few years with the expansion of Russia’s oil and gas projects in the Arctic. The NSR allows to monetize vast oil and gas resources located near the coastline and transport them economically to target markets. 
2. The realistic possibilities for the NSR to develop into a major trade artery to Asia. The NSR is an Arctic shortcut that saves time and reduces transportation costs on a route between Europe and Asia. But it is necessary to take into account that navigation in Arctic seas is still difficult and it could cause significant risks for ships. Russia is trying to increase its Arctic capabilities by building a new generation of powerful nuclear icebreakers and Arctic class ice-resistant tankers. Initially, Russian exports of oil, condensate, and LNG are going to represent the lion’s share of the transportation turnover via the NSR. When year-round navigation via the NSR becomes a reality, international transit might increase as well.  
3. The NSR and its geopolitical implications.  In a world of increasing global rivalries, Russia’s control over a major trade route connecting Europe and Asia is an asset. Unlike other marine routes to Asia that could be controlled by the US Navy, the NSR emerges as an important factor in the Russia-China relationship.

Illustration for news: A. S. Pyatachkova commented to Bloomberg on the upcoming meeting between Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping (03.02.2022)

A. S. Pyatachkova commented to Bloomberg on the upcoming meeting between Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping (03.02.2022)

Deputy Head of the CCEIS Asia-Pacific Sector A. S. Pyatachkova commented in Bloomberg on the state of Russian-Chinese relations on the eve of the meeting between Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping. Key points:
- Cooperation between Moscow and Beijing is a strategic challenge for the Joe Biden administration;
-The aggravation of relations with the West encourages Russia to speed up cooperation with China, especially in the technological sphere, which is subject to sanctions pressure;
-Too much emphasis on economic relations with China could risk relegating Russia to the status of an energy and raw materials supplier to a much stronger partner;
-The imbalance of economic power could cause difficulties in bilateral relations if China refuses to perceive Russia as a partner with a special status and tries to put pressure on it.

Illustration for news: Egor Prokhin presented a report at the International Conference "E-Education, E-business, E-Management, E-Learning" in Japan.

Egor Prokhin presented a report at the International Conference "E-Education, E-business, E-Management, E-Learning" in Japan.

Egor Prokhin, a research fellow of the CCEIS, presented a report titled “The role of technological platforms in the innovative development of Industrial enterprises" on January 17, at the 13th international conference "E-Education, E-business, E-Management, E-Learning", held at Waseda University in Tokyo.

Within the report’s framework, the results of the analysis of the experience of the main trends in the innovative development of industry in the Asia-Pacific countries were presented, and the economic and managerial effectiveness of new development models was assessed. 

Illustration for news: «Pandemic Diplomacy: China’s Role in Central Asia in the Era of Covid-19» –Miras Zhiyenbayev for the Oxus Society for Central Asian Affairs.

«Pandemic Diplomacy: China’s Role in Central Asia in the Era of Covid-19» –Miras Zhiyenbayev for the Oxus Society for Central Asian Affairs.

Miras Zhiyenbayev, CCEIS Fellow, wrote an article on aspects of Chinese pandemic diplomacy and competition between Russia and China for influence in Central Asia for the Oxus Society for Central Asian Affairs. Key ideas:
- The global pandemic has exacerbated the economic and political problems of the Central Asia states. The situation in Central Asia provides opportunities for both China and Russia to consolidate their influence over the foreign and domestic policies of Central Asian countries.
- The economic strength of China provides the opportunity for China to use investments of private Chinese firms to establish cooperation with Central Asian governments through international organizations such as the SCO.
- Another opportunity afforded to China is the shift towards internal aspects of the national security caused by the pandemic. Some Central Asian governments are interested in Chinese surveillance technologies. The CA countries will have to continue to buy from China, without the ability to control their own technologies and develop their own rules.
- While the prospects of the economic dependence of CA countries from China are becoming ever more real, the existing cultural tensions will be the source of social instability. Russia still exerts huge amount of “soft power”, which allows to Russian government to use media to denigrate China’s activities in the region.

Illustration for news: HSE University, Harvard University, and other partner organizations have completed the Second Boot Camp of the Arms Control Negotiation Academy (ACONA)

HSE University, Harvard University, and other partner organizations have completed the Second Boot Camp of the Arms Control Negotiation Academy (ACONA)

Lev Sokolshchik, an Associate Professor of the School of International Regional Studies, and a Research Fellow at the Centre for Comprehensive European and International Studies (CCEIS) took part in the second ACONA Boot Camp (January 10-14, 2022) as a member of the organizing team and a supervisor of the international research group focused on the prospects for concluding a new arms control treaty. The activities at the camp included a series of presentations of the scientific projects' results of the ACONA fellows, discussions with the world’s leading experts in the fields of international relations and arms control, master classes, and exercises to develop negotiation skills.

Illustration for news: “Russia Issues Subtle Threats More Far-Reaching Than a Ukraine Invasion” – Dmitriy Suslov about Ukrainian problem

“Russia Issues Subtle Threats More Far-Reaching Than a Ukraine Invasion” – Dmitriy Suslov about Ukrainian problem

Associate Director of Centre for Comprehensive European and International Studies Dmitriy Suslov expressed his opinion on tensions between Russia, Ukraine, and the United States in an article for the New York Times magazine. Basic ideas:
-A hypothetical Russian invasion of Ukraine would not undermine the security of the United States 
-The overall logic of Russian actions is that it is the U.S. and NATO that must pay a high price
-Beyond a more threatening Russian military posture, the United States would be particularly sensitive to closer military cooperation between Russia and China. 
-The United States does not want to increase its military presence in Europe, as this would be done at the cost of containing China

"Asia and Eurasia in a Multipolar World" - an article by T. Bordachev for the Valdai Discussion Club

Main ideas:       
- The purpose of the alliance between China and Russia is national development and ensuring the security of the countries
- Regional cooperation institutions will retain their importance for Russia 
- The main challenge for the Russian Federation is the transformation of neighboring countries into a territorial military base of global powers
- Russian policy in Eurasia is aimed at building relations with the medium and small states.